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A common cause of winter motor vehicle crashes is a condition known as “black ice.” Black ice is a coating or a glaze that forms on roadway surfaces, sidewalks and driveways generally due to freezing rain or because of the melting and refreezing of snow or ice. It is commonly called black ice because it is dull, clear and looks like the black surface which it covers.

It is important to understand when and where black ice forms. Generally, black ice will form in the early morning hours or at night when the temperature drops or when the sun is not out to warm the roads. It is commonly found on roads that do not get much sunshine due to trees or other objects, or on bridges and overpasses. Roads located under bridges and overpasses also tend to freeze quicker because they are also shielded from the sun.
The following safety tips may be considered when encountering black ice:
1.When encountering black ice it is generally best not to panic or hit the brakes and do not turn suddenly to one side or the other. Generally, you should do as little as possible and just allow the vehicle to safely pass over the slippery surface;

2.If you feel the back of your vehicle sliding out to the left or right, gently and slowly turn the steering wheel in the same direction. If you try and turn your vehicle in the opposite direction then you run the very real risk of spinning out of control and getting into an accident;

3.Once you realize you are about to go over or on black ice take your foot off of the gas pedal and keep your steering wheel, whenever possible, in the same direction it is in when you entered the icy surface;

4.If you are able to steer to an area that is not covered in black ice or is sanded, and it is safe to do so, slowly go to that area;

5. If you skid and are going to go off of the road try and steer towards something that will cause the least amount of damage possible like an empty area; and

You may also consider the following which may reduce your risk of getting into a crash if you encounter black ice:

1.Do not drive, whenever possible, in conditions that are especially dangerous;

2.Make sure your vehicle is functioning properly including having the proper tires and tread depth;

3.Travel with your lights on so you can more easily spot black ice and be more visible to other vehicles—New York State Law requires that headlights and taillights be displayed during periods of inclement weather;

4.Drive slowly and keep a safe distance apart from other vehicles—remember four-wheel drive vehicles generally do not stop faster than other vehicles;

5.Do not allow unnecessary distractions—such as the use of hand held cell phones or texting while driving; and

6.Make sure your windshield is cleared so you can properly see outside your vehicle.

Using these safety tips and techniques may help you to prevent a winter driving accident and may save you, your family members or others on the road from suffering a serious injury or even death.